The boundlessness of chronic despair or dystopia in the context of the east and the west

Abstract

Since the times of Plato, both fictitious ideal societies and future societies full of darkness and catastrophes have been fictionalized in Western literature and philosophy. Traditionally, the former was called utopia and the latter was called dystopia. This paper discusses the hidden existence of the concept of dystopia in religious terminology in the East that emerged after our study of George Orwell's 1984 and Anthony Burgess's A Clockwork Orange in the context of New Historicism. In addition, in the the current study, it is also emphasized that a fictionalization of a future that includes dark scenarios for humanity can be perceived as a reflection of the individual anxiety disorder stemming from survival instinct as a collective consciousness of humanity.